Amitabh bachchan
Hindi (Bollywood)[edit]
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The Hindi language film industry of Bombay—also known as[242] Bollywood—is the largest and most powerful branch.[243] Hindi cinema explored issues of caste and culture in films such as Achhut Kanya (1936) and Sujata (1959).[244] International visibility came to the industry with Raj Kapoor's Awara and later in Shakti Samantha's Aradhana.[245] Hindi cinema grew during the 1990s with the release of as many as 215 films annually.
Many actors signed contracts for simultaneous work in 3–4 films.[14] Institutions such as the Industrial Development Bank of India financed Hindi films.[14] Magazines such as Filmfare Stardust and Cine Blitz became popular.[246]
In Hindi cinema audiences participate by clapping singing and reciting familiar dialogue.[247]
Art film directors include Kaul Kumar Shahani Ketan Mehta Govind Nihalani Shyam Benegal[68] Mira Nair Nagesh Kukunoor Sudhir Mishra and Nandita Das.
Kannada (Sandalwood)[edit]
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The Kannada film industry also referred to as Sandalwood is based in Bangalore and caters mostly to Karnataka. Gubbi Veeranna (1891 – 1972) was an Indian theatre director and artist and an awardee of the Padma Shri award conferred by the President of India. He was one of the pioneers and most prolific contributors to Kannada theatre. Kannada actor Rajkumarbegan working with Veeranna and later became an important actor.
Veeranna founded Karnataka Gubbi Productions. He produced Sadarame (1935 Raja Chandrasekar) in which he acted in the lead role. He then produced Subhadra and Jeevana Nataka (1942). He took the lead role in Hemareddy Mallamma(1945). Karnataka Gubbi Productions was later called Karnataka Films Ltd. and is credited with starting the career of Rajkumar when it offered him the lead role in his debut film Bedara Kannappa. He produced silent movies including His Love Affair (Raphel Algoet). Veeranna was the lead accompanied by his wife Jayamma.
Veeranna produced Bedara Kannappa (1954 H. L. N. Simha) which received the first Certificate of Merit. However the first "President's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film in Kannada' was awarded at the 5th National Film Awards ceremony to Premada Puthri (1957 R. Nagendra Rao). Rajkumar was the legendary actor along with Vishnuvardhan Ambarish Anant Nag Shankar Nag Prabhakar Udaya Kumar Kalyan Kumar Gangadhar Ravichandran Shivarajkumar Shashikumar Ramesh Arvind, Devaraj Jaggesh Saikumar Vinodraj Charanraj Ramkumar Sudeep Darshan Puneeth Rajkumar Yash Leelavathi Kalpana Bharathi Jayanthi Pandari Bai Aarathi Jaimala, Tara, Umashri and Ramya.
Kannada Directors include H. L. N. Simha R. Nagendra Rao B. R. Panthulu M. S. Sathyu Puttanna Kanagal G. V. Iyer Karnad T. S. Nagabharana Siddalingaiah B. V. Karanth A K Pattabhi T. V. Singh Thakur Y. R. Swamy M. R. Vittal Sundar Rao Nadkarni P. S. Moorthy S. K. A. Chari Hunsur Krishnamurthy Prema Karanth Rajendra Singh Babu N. Lakshminarayan Shankar Nag Girish Kasaravalli Umesh Kulkarni and Suresh Heblikar. Other noted film personalities in Kannada are Bhargava G.K. Venkatesh Vijaya Bhaskar Rajan-Nagendra Geethapriya Hamsalekha R. N. Jayagopal M. Ranga Rao and Yogaraj Bhat.
Kannada cinema contributed to Indian parallel cinema. Influential Kannada films in this genre include Samskara Chomana Dudi (B. V. Karanth); Bangarada Manushya; "Mayura;Jeevana Chaitra;Gauri Ganesha; Udbhava; Tabarana Kathe Vamshavruksha Kaadu Kudure Hamsageethe Bhootayyana Maga Ayyu Accident Maanasa Sarovara Bara Chitegoo Chinte Galige Ijjodu Kanneshwara RamaGhatashraddha' Tabarana Kathe Mane' Kraurya' Thaayi Saheba' Bandhana' Muthina Haara' Banker Margayya' Dweepa' Munnudi, Bettada Jeeva Mysore Mallige and Chinnari Muththa.
The Government Film and Television Institute, Bangalore (formerly a part of S.J. Polytechnic) is believed to be the first government institute in India to start technical film courses.[248]
Konkani[edit]
Konkani language films are mainly produced in Goa. It is one of India's smallest film regions producing four films in 2009.[249]Konkani language is spoken mainly in the states of Goa Maharashtra and Karnataka and to a smaller extent in Kerala. The first full length Konkani film was Mogacho Anvddo (1950 Jerry Braganza) under the banner of Etica Pictures.[250][251] The films release date 24 April is celebrated as Konkani Film Day.[252] Karnataka is the hub of many Konkani speaking people. An immense body of Konkani literature and art is a resource for filmmakers. Kazar (Marriage 2009 Richard Castelino) and Ujvaadu (Shedding New Light on Old Age Issues Kasaragod Chinna) are major releases. The pioneering Mangalorean Konkani film is Mog Ani Maipas.
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